collective knowledge doctrine
Collective knowledge doctrine gets Virginia drug conviction affirmed
Collective knowledge doctrine can be a hurdle to Virginia criminal defendants seeking to suppress evidence Collective knowledge doctrine (CKD) was addressed this month by the Virginia Court of Appeals in denying a drug felony appeal. As a Fairfax criminal lawyer, I know that this doctrine...
Virginia adopts the police collective knowledge doctrine
Today, the Virginia Court of Appeals adopted the police collective knowledge doctrine that already applies in federal courts. Edmond v. Virginia, ___ Va. App. ___ (Aug. 2, 2016). Under the collective knowledge, "an officer is justified in acting upon an instruction from another officer if...